Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system. Distinguish between acute and chronic pancreatitis, each of these types has its own characteristics and methods of treatment.
But one thing is unchanged in pancreatitis: the old way of life and nutrition will be a thing of the past, because the basis of pancreatitis treatment is an almost lifelong diet. The pancreas does not forgive mistakes in nutrition, responding immediately with pain and indigestion.Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system. Distinguish between acute and chronic pancreatitis, each of these types has its own characteristics and methods of treatment.
Basics of Pancreatitis
Pancreatitis is an acquired disease, developed as a result of abdominal trauma, viral damage to the pancreas, due to disruption of the liver and gallbladder, after poisoning with alcohol and other toxic substances, with frequent andheavy nutrition - prolonged fasting, reduced diets for weight loss.The main signs of pancreatitis are:
- abdominal pain - sharp, dagger, almost to the point of loss of consciousness in acute pancreatitis, either dull or aching in the chronic version;
- nausea and vomiting;
- bowel disorders, most often severe diarrhea, fever;
- drastic weight loss.
Acute pancreatitis is usually admitted to the hospital. Chronic exacerbations can be treated at home, but only under the supervision of a physician. Self-medication in case of pancreatitis is dangerous with the development of complications up to pancreatic necrosis (enzymatic melting of glandular tissue, glandular self-digestion) and the development of peritonitis, which is deadly.
Nutritional therapy for pancreatitis
Medical, enzymatic and dietary therapy for pancreatitis is chosen by a physician, based on the patient's condition and test data. However, the general principles of dietary correction always remain approximately the same. They give rest to digestion and the pancreas, which means they reduce pain and normalize well-being.
Eating with pancreatitis is very limited - most common products will have to be forgotten.It is necessary to eat often, about 5-6 times a day - every 2. 5-3 hours, with a break for 8 hours of sleep. But the portions by volume should be small - about 200-250 g, especially in the first time after the aggravation of the disease.
All dishes are machined - they are almost all used in puree form. Then, as the inflammation subsides, larger particles appear in the food, but you have to chew the food thoroughly.
Since the whole body suffers from insufficient supply of nutrients in pancreatitis, needs to increase the protein component of the diet (meat, fish, dairy products) - on average, up to 140-150 g of protein per day.
But fats and carbohydrates, which strongly strain the pancreas, are limited to the minimum possible. Given about 300 g of carbohydrates per day, fat - no more than 70-80 g.
Products that have a sokogonny effect - meat and fish juices, cabbage juice and gravy - are removed from the diet; for the duration of a severely painful attack, therapeutic fasting is recommended for 1-2 days under the supervision of a physician.
In case of pancreatitis, it is necessary to drink more fluids -it is recommended to drink up to 2 liters of clean water a day, approximately every half hour to take 2-3 sips of water throughout the day.
Of course, with pancreatitis, you need to completely stop smoking and alcohol. They are the most powerful provocateurs of confiscation.
What to exclude?
The list of forbidden foods will become quite impressive and can be frustrating at first. However, without respecting these limitations, relief can be expected for a very long time. Gradually, you can gently expand your diet, adhering to the general principles of proper nutrition.
Thus, for the entire acute period or moment of deterioration of the chronic process, it is necessary to exclude:
- beetroot soup, cabbage and borscht soup, okroshka, meat soup, mushroom and fish soup, soup itself;
- fatty meats - pork, lamb, goose and duck;
- offal - kidneys, heart, brain, liver;
- fried, smoked, salted and spicy dishes;
- canned foods;
- suxhuk;
- fatty fish (catfish, star turtle, carp); caviar;
- lard, margarine, mayonnaise;
- fatty milk dishes - cream, sour cream, koumiss;
- yolks, boiled eggs;
- millet, corn, barley, bean side dishes;
- cabbage, turnips, radishes, radishes, rutabagas, eggplants, onions and garlic, sorrel, cucumbers, tomatoes and bell peppers;
- citrus fruits, apples (sour varieties), grapes, pomegranates, blueberries;
- chocolate, preserves;
- chips, sauces, marinades, vinegar, ketchup;
- all carbonated drinks, even mineral water (you can only without carbonated);
- strong tea and coffee, juices, cocoa;
- all baked goods and fresh pastries, pancakes, pies, shortbread cookies.
As you can see, the list of restrictions is quite large, but this is only for the duration of the acute process. Then you can gradually expand the diet, but annoying and "heavy" dishes will have to be forgotten almost forever.
What can you eat?
This is the first question that comes up after reading the ban list. Of course, the diet is not very varied, but it aims to keep the pancreas calm and reduce inflammation.
Allowed:
- yesterday's dry bread, croutons; vegetable soups, noodles
- ;
- steamed meat dishes and poultry - cutlets, meatballs, rolls, goose, meat puree;
- boiled (weak) fish fillets, roasted fish, omelet;
- milk, cottage cheese, low-fat and soft cheese, kefir;
- vegetable oils and butter (in porridge);
- puree and vegetable dish, boiled vegetables;
- pasta, noodles, cereals - oatmeal, oatmeal, buckwheat, rice;
- ripe fruits without cakes (pears, apples, peaches, plums);
- compost, jelly, jelly;
- rose decoction, herbal teas, bran drinks.
Of course, the diet is limited, but in consultation with your doctor, you will gradually expand your menu.
Example menu
It is worth remembering that this menu can already be used at home, when the deterioration decreases, fasting and gradual introduction of food are described in the acute stage of pancreatitis. When designing a diet, remember: there should be at least five meals, which are approximately equal in calorie content and digestive load.
Menu for pancreatitis for 5 days
First Day
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (without gas! ).
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken kitten - 100 g, omelette - 100 g, dry white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, rose soup - 200 ml, a third of a banana.
- Afternoon snack: fruit jelly - 100 g, non-fat cottage cheese -100 g, unchanged mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal -200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pieces, weak tea with milk, a slice of dark bread.
Second Day
- Breakfast: buckwheat porridge -200 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of tea with milk.
- Second breakfast: steamed beef kitten - 100 g, carrot souffle - 200 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml compote with dried fruits.
- Lunch: noodle soup - 200 ml, boiled chicken - 100 g, vegetable puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, mineral water - 200 ml, half a baked pear.
- Afternoon snack: apple sauce - 200 g, unchanged mineral water - 200 ml, biscuits Maria biscuits - 100 g.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 200 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, a sandwich with cheese (30 g cheese, a slice of toast), weak tea with milk, a slice of dark bread.
Third Day
- Breakfast: pumpkin and squash puree - 100-150 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (without gas! ).
- Second breakfast: low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, half a baked pear, dry white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml compote.
- Lunch: broccoli soup - 200 ml, boiled meat, mashed potatoes - 100 g, mashed potatoes - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, chamomile tea - 200 ml.
- Afternoon snack: vegetable stew - 200 g, cheese - 50 g, unchanged mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: buckwheat porridge -200 g, kefir - 200 g, half a banana, a slice of white bread.
Day Four
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (without gas! ).
- Second breakfast: rice porridge - 200 g, white toast - 1 slice, 200 ml milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, carrot puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, rose soup - 200 ml, a third of a banana.
- Afternoon snack: omelette - 100 g, sweet baked apple, unchanged mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal -200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pieces, weak tea with milk, a slice of dark bread.
Day Five
- Breakfast: oatmeal -200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pieces, weak tea with milk, a slice of dark bread.
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken kitten - 100 g, omelette - 100 g, dry white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml milk (kefir).
- Lunch: pasta soup - 200 ml, steamed fish kitten - 100 g, pumpkin puree with carrots - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rose soup - 200 ml, Maria biscuits - 2 pieces.
- Afternoon snack: ripe fruit - 100 g, non-fat cottage cheese -100 g, unchanged mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 white breads, 200 ml of mineral water (yet! ).
By following your doctor's advice, strictly following your diet and following all prescriptions, relief can be achieved quickly. But a fairly strict diet with the restriction of "heavy" food will last from 3 to 6 months. And then you will need to constantly limit fatty, fried, spicy and canned foods.